Fuel-economizing apparatus for furnaces.



H. LUGKENBACH.

EL ECQ'NOMIZING APPARATUS EUR PURNAGES.

APPLOATION FILED JUNE 2G, 190B.

Param@ im@ 909v /47/[5 at www? To all whom' it may concern."

UNITED srAfrEhs-PATENT OEEIOE. N

HARRY LUGKENBAOH, or NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOE Tol ISAAC e; ootLEs, .or GLEN COVE,

' NEW YORK.

FUELECONOMIZIG APPARATUS Foi?v FURNaoEs.

Patented June 15, 1909.

. 'Application filed :une 26, isos. -serial No. 440,427.

Be it known `that I, HARRY LUCKENBAOH, a citizen :York city, in the county of'l\T ew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and' useful Improvements in Fuel-Economizing Apparatus for Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to fuel economizing apparatusfor boiler furnaces, and has particularly in view improved means for etl'ectving-a more perfect combustion in the lire boX of a furnace'with the result of increasing the fire box temperature, and decreasing the amount of unconsunied carbon and hydrocarbon products which pass to and out of the stack, thus materially reducing the smoke emitted from the stack.

` A distinctive feature of the present invention residesin the provision of an apparatus'cap'ablefof suddenly expanding steam from a small jet to a larger volume and si'- multaneously` superheating the same to a temperature above 630o Fahrenheit, and also yto continuously maintainthis superheat'ing -v temperature to place 4,the steam ma hot dry 'condition very susceptible tof@ ready decomposition. Also,'.the invention contemplates an apparatus compri sing means for conducting the expanded and superheated steam, without induction of, or contamination with, air, to points at the sides of the tire chamber entirely above the fire, and there jetting the steam from the aforesaid points horizontally into the fire chamber above the fire and' into "contactl with the liberated carbon, and with the 'heated air Whiclrpasses through the fuel,

vthereby causing decomposition of the steam, and a new hydrogen burning combustion above the lire.. In this connection, it is the 'purpose of the presentinvention to utilize heated air admitted through the fuel so that, when theV hot dry steam meetsithe liberated carbon vabovethe fire, there is produced a new combustion above theire' tia sufficient degree 'of temperature, such as-QOOO Fahrenheit and over, to burn the hydrogen, thus securing a more completeand perfect com..

of the United States, residing at New hot dry steam through the inner faces of the .the line 2 2 of Fig. l. F ig. 3 is an enlarged bust-ion in the fire box than has heretofore, been possible.

A. further object of the invention is to equipy the apparatus with an improved form of distributing nozzle for discharging the lire box walls.

lVith these and many other objects in view,` which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is .better unde1stood,-the same consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter more full)v described, illustrated, and Claimed. y

The essential featin'es of the inventioinin-v volved in carrying out the objects above indicatedl are necessarily susceptible to structural modification without departing from the scope thereof, but a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which; i

Figure l is av vertical longitudinal sec.- tional view of a boiler furnace equipped with the improved fuel economizing apparatus contemplated by the present invention.l Fig. is a. horizontal sectional view therepf. O11

detail sectional view illustrating the'method of sealing the 'distributing pipes and .nozzles in the-walls ofthe lire box. Fig. lis a detail cross sectional view of the special form of sul'berheater employed, the line of section being indicated b v the line L -l on Fig. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view `of a prevferred form of delivery nozzle. utilized for jetti-ng the decomposed l steam into die fire boxabovethe tire. ltlvg. 6 1s a detail pro- 85 jected end view of the improved nozzle.

Like references designate corresponding parts in the several ligures of the drawings.

The improved apparatus coniemplateldliy l the present invention may be associated with any approved type of boiler furnacepbut forl illustrative. purposes there is shown .in-the accompanying drawings an Ordinary steam' boiler B occupying the usual position within the furnace casing, which embodies in its- 95. .organization the usual sidewalls 1-'-1',`the

' the basis of this application, includes as an essential and necessary element thereof, a

.the tire box isfitted with the ordinary fuel door 10. All of these elements are common and well known' parts of a steam boiler fu-rnace, and no claim is made thereto herein', but at this point, attention is called to the factl that a natural draft is maintained through the grate for the usual combustion so that sufficient oxygen passes through the ytire to maintain constantly the high temperature conditions hereinafter referred to as necessary to render effective and practical the new combustion above the fire, which new combustion involves the burning of the hydrogen from the decomposed steam.

The fuel economizing apparatus, forming superheater, designated in its entirety by the nuniber 11. This superheater is intended to be exposeddirectly to the heat of the firein the fire box, and to that end ,may be arranged in various positions, but preferably and conveniently in an inclined position on the bridge wall so as to be directly in the ath of the tire and heated products of comustion. The construction of this superheater is an important part of the present invention, the same essentially consisting of a continuous length of steam piping 12 having nojoints and bent int-o a Ycoil of suitable form, said coil being inclose'd in a solid body orfblock of iron castin a molten state about the coil. The greaty conductivity of this block or ,body of iron absorbs the heat from the fire, which is. in turn transmitted to the piping 12 embedded therein. said piping being preferably protected. originally, by a. covering of tire resisting clay or equivalent materiaLas indicated at 14- in Figa, at the time the iron body or block is cast about the same. pable of withstandingl the full heat of the tire without melt-ing of the iron. and in practice it has been found that the block or body .of iron 13 reaches a state ofincandescence which insures the maintenance' of such a heating of the steam piping 12 of the superheater as to keep up in the latter a temperature above 6300 Fahrenheit. which i's above the degree of temperature at which steam is placed in a" hot dry condition very suscepti' ble to ready decomposition. y

Steam is fed to the. superheater coil 12 through a feed pipe 1:7y connecting with the steam doute of vthe boiler or equivalent source of, supply and vhich is preferably provided with a needlel or equivalent controlling valve 16. Thus livcsteam, is con- This construction is perfectly ca ducted directly from the boiler to the superheater and in the latter is subjected to the action above described.

The outlet terminal of the super-heater coil 12 is suitably coupled, as at 17, to a horizontally arranged distributing Apipe essentially consisting of several pipe sections respectively embedded in the side'and front walls of the furnace fire box 4. As shown in the drawings, the said distributing pipe includes the opposite side Wall pipe sections 1S-18 embedded in the side walls of the lire box,the front wallpipe sections 19-19 embedded in the front Walls 2 the fire box,

and a transverse rear connec ng pipe section 20 which is coupled to arr connects the side wall pipe sections18 at ltheir rear ends, thus completing a pipe frame which may be said to entirely encirclet-he fire box, within the walls thereof, at a 'suitable level'above the grate. Each pipe section -18 andv19 is thoroughly protected and sealed .from air by being incased in a protective .jacket 21 of lire resisting clayor 'equivalent materia-l, and at suitable intervals the side and front sections of the distributing ipe are rovided with short delivery nozz es 22, eac of4 which essentially consists of a nozzle stem 23 coupled to and communicating with the distributing pipe and a discharge head 24 preferably having a threaded adjustable connection 25 with the tubular nozzle stem 23. The discharge head 24 is preferably formed therein with a feed chamber 26 which communicates with a contracted'outle-t orifce27 provided at its innerv end with an outwardly flaring and preferably rectangular distributing mouth 28 which reaches totlie outer end of the discharge head 24. Thesaid outer end of the discharge head 24 is arranged flush with the inner surface ofthe wall, and hence the narrow out-let orifice or slit' 27 for the nozzle is located well back of and prt tected from the inner surface of the wall which is exposed to the tire. with the result of keepingv said orifice or slit free and open at all times irrespective .fof Whether the wall itself fuses or not, all of which' is of material and practical importa-nce in an apparatus of this character.- f

As best shown .in Fig. 3 of the drawin s. the various nozzles are also eiectually sea ed and protectedwithin the fire box walls by of temperaturefor the-burning of the'hydrogen, thus securing a very thorough combus stacks of boiler furnaces.

The vaboye action is'perinitted and ren- '.ldered possibleby the fact that a natural Ivdraft is maintained for the regular combustionl so. that sufficientiV draft comes through the fire to insureconstant high temperature conditions in the combustion chamber by maintaining the released carbon and hydi'of `*car-bon at aftenipeiatiire ivliere they Will unite .with the decomposed steam. there is no valve between ,the superbe-atei' Also,

andthe nozzles, thusv preventing moisture -remaining in the superhea-ter, and avoiding possibility fof any increase in pressure between the superheater and the nozzles.

It `willfurther be understood that through the medium of the'needle r equivalent controlling valve 16, the inle of steam to the superheater is so throttled that lthe steam is suddenly expanded within the superheater .from arsn'iall jet to a larger volume, and iii its highly expanded condition is subjected to 'the high temperature above indicated, viz:

l above 630 Fahrenheit, thereby placing .the

same in the aforesaid hot dry conditionsusce'ptible to. 'ready decomposition, sb that when the steam in that condition meets the liberatedA carbon and the heated, air above the fire in the fire box. a; complete decomposition Y of the steam takes place and a new hydrogenburning combustion occurs above the fire with the result of'securinga very complete and perfect combustion in the firnace. f

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction. operation, and many advantages/ofthe herein described lapparatus ivill be readily understood Without further description, and it will also be understood that .various changes in the'form. proportion. and

minor details of construction may be re y'sorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing-any of the advantagesl of the invention. j

' I claim: v

1. fiiel econeiuizing apparatus forfui-- naces, comprising means for suddenly expanding steam from A a small jet to a larger volume and simultaneously supei'lieatiiig the expanded'steain to a degree of tenil'ie'rature sufficient to place the-steam iii a hot dry coul dition susceptible to' ready decomposition. means for conducting the' expanded and snperlieated steam Without 4induction of.` oi contamination with.. air to points at the sides of the fire chamber entirely above the fire.

means for admitting air throi'igh therfiiel to be heated thereby,v and means' 'for jett-ing the hot dry steam from the aforesaid points,- horizoiitally int the fire chamber above the' fire and into contact with the liberated car bon and heated air, causing complete decomposition of the steam, and a new hydrogenburning roinbnstioii above the fire.

' 2. A fneliec'onomizing apparatus for furnaces, comprising means for suddenly expanding steam from a small jet to a larger volume and simultaneously supei'lieatiiigthe expanded steainrto a degree of te'ii'iperatuie tirely above the fire, means for admitting air through the fuel to be heated thereby, and means for jetting the hot dry steam from the aforesaidpoints horizontally into the tire chamber above the fire andinto contact with the liberated carbon and heated air, causing vcomplete decomposition of the.V steam, and

a neuv hydrogen-burning combustion above the fire. y

3. In a fuel economizing apparatus for steam boiler furnaces, the combination with the fire box :and a natural'drafttherefor, of a superlieateil exposed to the fire and coinprising means for y'continuously maintaining a degree of temperature sufficient to place the steam in a liotdry condition susceptible to readydecomposition, a distributing pipe reeeiviiigtlie steam from the superlieater and having sections embedded and sealed from air in the walls of the fire box,- and -a plurality of delivery nozzles coupled to each distributing pipe section and -also-sealed from 'air aiideiiibedded iii the tire box Walls, each `distributing nozzle having an outlet orifice for jetting the steam in the combustion chamber at-a point above the tire therein.

hvl. In a fuel econoiniziiig apparatus-for steam 'boiler furnaces, the eombinationivith the fire box and a natural drafttlierefor, of a siiperheater exposed to the fire and consisting of a pipe coil and a lsolid iron cast-ing closely envelopingv said coil and comprising means for continuously maintaining a degree .of temperature sufficient to place the steam in a hot dry condition susceptible to ready decomposition. a distributing pipe re- 'ceiviiig the disintegrated steam froin the superlieater and having sections sealed by tire resisting material' iv-ithin the tire box vvalls, and a plurality of delivery nozzles lconnected with each distributing pipe section likewiseisealed by fire resisting material in the tire box ivalls.,all of 'said delivery nozzles being arranged to )et steam into the fiie. 5. In a fuelecoiioniizi-n'g apparatus for .steam boiler furnaces, the combination with the fire box-and a natural draft t-herefonof asuperheatei, a distributing pipe connected iso combustion chamber horizontally abovethe 125.

vvib the superheui'or und Surrounding tho montlu'snid' distributing mouth Haring ou- 10 :fire box and V'embedded 1n the walls thereof, 'Wzu'dly from Saud o rlcv o1' sbt toward the and :L plurahty of dehvery 'nozzles also emlnner sul-fano of the [iro box wu.

beddod n the fire box Walls entirely within In tostin'xony whereof I hereunto u'ix my 5 thc'plzlne of the lutter. und colnwctod with Stiglmture in the plesonw, of two wltnosfws.

the distributing pipo soot'ons, ouch nozzle 1 'IA'Hfl-Y LUCKENBACH. boing provided Wih u discharge' houd lmv- 7\\'ilnossos: ing a, dstrbufing mouth und a contracted JAnns l). llu'icxrmrl, outlet orloo or `Qlil' u'l ibo nnm' ond o'l Suid 1 'Im M. Bmc'lILunin. 

